Free download Analytical Chemistry Essentials by John  Kenkel

Authors of: Analytical Chemistry Essentials by John  Kenkel

John  Kenkel

Table of Contents in Analytical Chemistry Essentials by John  Kenkel

Chapter 1: Introduction to Analytical Chemistry

Analytical chemistry is a vital field of chemistry that involves the qualitative and quantitative determination of chemical components in natural and artificial materials. This chapter explores the importance of analytical chemistry, highlighting its role in various industries such as pharmaceuticals, environmental monitoring, and food safety. The distinction between precision and accuracy is discussed, emphasizing their significance in producing reliable data. Key terminology relevant to the field is introduced, providing a foundation for understanding subsequent concepts. The fundamentals of measurement, including techniques and tools used in analytical processes, are detailed. Sampling and planning are crucial aspects covered, with sections dedicated to obtaining samples, handling them properly, and planning laboratory work effectively.

Chapter 2: Basic Chemical Analysis Tools — Description and Use

This chapter provides an introduction to the basic tools used in chemical analysis. It starts with balances, explaining the basic concept of the balance, and differentiating between less accurate balances and electronic analytical balances. The chapter then covers various types of glassware, such as volumetric flasks, pipets, pipetting devices, and burets, along with their cleaning and storing procedures. Reagents and methods for sample preparation are discussed, focusing on water, concentrated acids and bases, sample preparation by extraction, and fusion. The chapter concludes with an emphasis on laboratory safety, outlining essential practices to ensure a safe working environment.

Chapter 3: Solution Preparation

An essential part of analytical chemistry is preparing solutions. This chapter begins with an introduction to the topic, followed by a detailed explanation of dilution techniques. Various concentration units are discussed, including percent solutions (volume/volume, weight/weight, weight/volume), molarity, formality, and normality, with specific emphasis on the concept of the equivalent and solution preparation methods. The chapter also covers parts per million/billion measurements and the preparation and use of buffer solutions.

Chapter 4: Wet Methods and Applications

Wet methods in analytical chemistry are traditional techniques that involve the use of liquid solvents. This chapter introduces these methods, starting with gravimetric analysis, which involves measuring the mass of an analyte or its derivative. Titrimetric analysis is explored in depth, including standardization and titration of unknowns. Real-world applications of titrimetric analysis are provided, such as the Kjeldahl method for determining nitrogen content, water hardness testing, and the Karl Fischer titration for measuring water content. The chapter concludes with final comments on the relevance and application of these methods.

Chapter 5: Instrumental Methods — General Discussion

Instrumental methods in analytical chemistry use instruments to measure physical properties of substances. This chapter introduces these methods, discussing instrumental data and readout, including recorders, instrument readout and concentration, the method of least squares, and the correlation coefficient. Different methods for quantitative analysis are covered, such as series of standard solutions, internal standard method, and method of standard additions. The chapter also addresses the effect of sample pretreatment on calculations and the use of computers for data acquisition, manipulation, storage, graph plotting, and experiment control.

Chapter 6: Molecular Spectroscopy

Molecular spectroscopy involves studying the interaction of light with matter to determine molecular properties. This chapter introduces the nature and parameters of light, as well as light absorption and emission. It provides an overview of various spectroscopic techniques and instruments, with a focus on UV/vis spectrophotometry, including its general description, instrument design, and applications in qualitative and quantitative analysis. The chapter also covers IR spectrometry, detailing liquid and solid sampling techniques, instrument design, and analytical applications. Additional sections discuss fluorometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, covering their principles, instrumentation, and applications. The chapter concludes with an introduction to mass spectrometry, including instrument design and interpretation of mass spectra.

Chapter 7: Atomic Spectroscopy

Atomic spectroscopy examines the absorption and emission of light by atoms. This chapter begins with an introduction to the topic, covering the process of atomization, including fuels and oxidants and burner designs. The principles of excitation are discussed, followed by detailed sections on flame photometry, including instrumentation and applications. Flame atomic absorption is explored, with sections on introduction, instrumentation, and applications. The chapter also covers graphite furnace and other atomizers, vapor generation methods, and the Delves cup. It concludes with a discussion on inductively coupled plasma, other atomic emission techniques, and a summary of atomic techniques.

Chapter 8: Analytical Separations

Analytical separations are crucial for isolating and identifying components of complex mixtures. This chapter introduces various separation techniques, starting with recrystallization and distillation. Liquid-liquid extraction is explained, including the use of a separatory funnel, the theory behind the process, countercurrent distribution, and concentrators. Liquid-solid extraction methods are also discussed. The chapter covers chromatography in detail, explaining different types, configurations, and applications. Electrophoresis, a technique for separating charged molecules in an electric field, is also introduced.

Chapter 9: Gas Chromatography

Gas chromatography is a powerful analytical technique used to separate and analyze volatile compounds. This chapter provides an introduction to the method, discussing instrument design, sample injection techniques, and different types of columns, including packed, open tubular, and preparative columns. The nature and selection of the stationary phase are explained, along with other variable parameters like column temperature and carrier gas flow rate. The chapter details the interpretation of chromatograms and various detectors used in gas chromatography, including thermal conductivity, flame ionization, electron capture, nitrogen/phosphorus, flame photometric, electrolytic conductivity, GC-MS, and GC-IR. Qualitative and quantitative analysis techniques are covered, along with troubleshooting tips.

Chapter 10: High Performance Liquid Chromatography

High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is a versatile technique for separating, identifying, and quantifying compounds in a mixture. This chapter introduces the basic concepts of HPLC and compares it with gas chromatography. It discusses sample and mobile phase pretreatment, solvent delivery systems, including pumps and gradient programmers, and sample injection methods. Column selection is explained, covering normal phase, reverse phase, adsorption, ion-exchange, and size-exclusion columns. The chapter also covers the interpretation of chromatograms and various detectors used in HPLC, such as UV absorption, diode array, fluorescence, refractive index, electrochemical, LC-MS, and LC-IR. Techniques for qualitative and quantitative analysis and troubleshooting are also discussed.

Chapter 11: Electroanalytical Methods

Electroanalytical methods involve measuring electrical properties to analyze chemical systems. This chapter introduces these methods, focusing on potentiometry and the Nernst equation, reference electrodes, indicator electrodes, and potentiometric titrations. Polarography and voltammetry are also discussed, including their principles, instrumentation, and applications.

Chapter 12: Automation

Automation in analytical chemistry increases efficiency and accuracy. This chapter introduces various automated methods, including automatic titrations, segmented flow methods, flow injection methods, and the use of robotics in laboratory procedures.

Chapter 13: Data Handling and Error Analysis

Modern data handling is crucial for managing and interpreting analytical results. This chapter covers data display and analysis, reporting and managing results, and the state of the art in data handling. It introduces error analysis, discussing key terminology, the distribution of random errors, Student’s t-test, and the use of statistics in quality control. The chapter concludes with a section on assistance available for data handling and error analysis.

Index

A comprehensive index is provided to help locate specific topics within the text quickly.

File Size: 7.77 MB. Pages: 300 Please read Disclaimer.

Free download Analytical Chemistry Essentials by John  Kenkel

Download Link

You may also like to download “Analytical Chemistry 6th Edition by Gary D. Christian”.

Free download hundreds of chemistry books in pdf from HERE.

Please Subscribe to our Email list and get notified of our latest uploads (Books, documents) and new updates. Email Subscription Box is provided on the sidebar (for PC) and on the bottom of this post (for Android Devices).

Kindly Like, Follow and Share our social media pages so that maximum people can benefit from this public service!

Facebook   Instagram    LinkedIn    Twitter    Pinterest

P.S: If the download link(s) is/are not working, kindly drop a comment below, so we’ll update the download link for you.

Happy reading!