Free download Organic Structures from Spectra By L. D. Field 4th Edition

4th Edition

Authors of:  Organic Structures from Spectra By L. D. Field 4th Edition

L D Field

S Sternhell

J R Kalman

Table of Contents in Organic Structures from Spectra By L. D. Field 4th Edition

Preface  

List of tables  

List of figures  

1 introduction  

 1.1 general principles of absorption spectroscopy  

 1.2 chromophores  

 1.3 degree of unsaturation  

 1.4 connectivity  

 1.5 sensitivity  

 1.6 practical considerations  

2 ultraviolet (uv) spectroscopy  

 2.1 basic instrumentation  

 2.2 the nature of ultraviolet spectroscopy  

 2.3 quantitative aspects of ultraviolet spectroscopy  

 2.4 classification of uv absorption bands  

 2.5 special terms in ultraviolet spectroscopy

 2.6 important uv chromophores  

 2.7 the effect of solvents  

3 infrared (ir) spectroscopy  

3.1 absorption range and the nature of ir absorption  

 3.2 experimental aspects of infrared spectroscopy  

 3.3 general features of infrared spectra  

 3.4 important ir chromophores  

4 mass spectrometry  

 4.1 ionization processes  

 4.2 instrumentation  

 4.3 mass spectral data  

 4.4 representation of fragmentation processes  

 4.5 factors governing fragmentation processes  

 4.6 examples of common types of fragmentation  

5 nuclear magnetic resonance (nmr) spectroscopy  

 5.1 the physics of nuclear spins and nmr instruments  

 5.2 continuous wave (cw) nmr spectroscopy  

 5.3 fourier-transform (ft) nmr spectroscopy  

 5.4 chemical shift in 1h nmr spectroscopy  

 5.5 spin-spin coupling in 1h nmr spectroscopy  

 5.6 analysis of 1h nmr spectra  

 5.7 rules for spectral analysis  

6 13c nmr spectroscopy  

 6.1 coupling and decoupling in 13c nmr spectra  

 6.2 determining 13c signal multiplicity using dept  

 6.3 shielding and characteristic chemical shifts in 13c nmr spectra  

7 miscellaneous topics

 7.1 dynamic processes in nmr – the nmr time-scale  

 7.2 the effect of chirality  

 7.3 the nuclear overhauser effect (noe)  

 7.4 two dimensional nmr  

 7.5 the nmr spectra of “Other nuclei”  

 7.6 solvent – induced shifts  

8 determining the structure of organic molecules  

 From spectra

9 problems  

 9.1 organic structures from spectra  

 9.2 the analysis of mixtures  

 9.3 problems in 2-dimensional nmr  

 9.4 nmr spectral analysis  

Appendix  

Index

The book begins with a preface, setting the context and scope of the content, followed by a list of tables and figures for easy reference to visuals and data throughout. Chapter 1 introduces the general principles of absorption spectroscopy, including key concepts such as chromophores, degree of unsaturation, molecular connectivity, sensitivity, and practical considerations for applying absorption spectroscopy.

Chapter 2 delves into ultraviolet (UV) spectroscopy, detailing basic instrumentation, the nature of UV spectroscopy, quantitative analysis, and the classification of UV absorption bands. Specific terms relevant to UV spectroscopy are introduced, and there’s a focused examination of important UV chromophores and the effect of solvents on UV spectroscopy outcomes.

In Chapter 3, the book covers infrared (IR) spectroscopy, explaining the absorption range and nature of IR absorption. The experimental aspects of IR spectroscopy are explored, along with general features of IR spectra and a comprehensive look at key IR chromophores. Chapter 4 transitions into mass spectrometry, discussing ionization processes, instrumentation, and interpreting mass spectral data. This chapter also examines how fragmentation processes are represented, the factors that affect fragmentation, and common examples of these processes.

Chapter 5 shifts to nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, starting with the underlying physics of nuclear spins and an overview of NMR instruments. It covers both continuous wave (CW) and Fourier-transform (FT) NMR spectroscopy techniques, chemical shifts in proton (¹H) NMR, and the principles of spin-spin coupling. Techniques for analyzing ¹H NMR spectra are explained, including essential rules for spectral analysis.

Chapter 6 focuses on carbon-13 (¹³C) NMR spectroscopy. It explores coupling and decoupling in ¹³C NMR spectra, determining signal multiplicity using DEPT (Distortionless Enhancement by Polarization Transfer), and the factors influencing shielding and chemical shifts in ¹³C spectra.

Chapter 7 addresses miscellaneous topics, such as dynamic processes in NMR that influence the NMR time scale, the effects of chirality on spectral readings, and the nuclear Overhauser effect (NOE). Two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy is introduced, along with the analysis of NMR spectra of other nuclei and solvent-induced shifts that can affect results.

Chapter 8 focuses on determining the structure of organic molecules using various spectroscopic techniques, providing an integrative approach to spectral analysis for structural elucidation. Chapter 9 presents problems to apply the concepts learned in earlier chapters. It includes exercises on deducing organic structures from spectra, analyzing mixtures, solving two-dimensional NMR problems, and practicing NMR spectral analysis.

The book concludes with an appendix that offers additional resources, and an index for quick reference to specific topics, reactions, and terms, aiding readers in navigating the comprehensive material.

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