Free download Text Book of Organic Chemistry By B. S. Bahl

Authors of:  Text Book of Organic Chemistry By B. S. Bahl

B  S. Bahl

Table of Contents in Text Book of Organic Chemistry By B. S. Bahl

1. Introduction  

This chapter likely establishes the foundations of organic chemistry, covering basic concepts, definitions, and an overview of organic compounds. This sets the stage for more advanced topics by explaining the fundamental differences between organic and inorganic compounds, their unique properties, and the role of carbon.

2. Purification of Organic Compounds  

Methods for purifying organic compounds are introduced, possibly covering techniques such as distillation, crystallization, and chromatography. These purification methods are essential for obtaining pure compounds, necessary for accurate chemical analysis and reactions.

3. Composition of Organic Compounds  

The focus here would be on the chemical composition of organic compounds, including the study of molecular elements and structural composition. This chapter may also address elemental analysis and stoichiometry.

4. Empirical and Molecular Formulas, Determination of Molecular Weights  

This section might explain how to derive the empirical and molecular formulas of compounds based on their elemental composition and molecular weight. The calculation of molecular weights through techniques such as mass spectrometry and the mole concept are probably discussed here.

5. Structure of Organic Molecules – Classical Concept  

Classical ideas of molecular structure are introduced, possibly covering early bonding theories and how they apply to organic molecules. This section may cover key concepts like Lewis structures and VSEPR theory.

6. Structure of Organic Molecules – Modern Approach  

Here, a modern perspective on molecular structure is likely given, which may involve molecular orbital theory, hybridization, and advanced concepts in bonding that explain the shapes and behaviors of organic molecules in greater depth.

7. Isomerism  

The types of isomerism, such as structural and stereoisomerism, are likely discussed. This chapter might explain how different arrangements of atoms in molecules lead to compounds with distinct properties despite having the same molecular formula.

8. Organic Reactions and Their Mechanisms  

This chapter likely delves into the different types of reactions organic compounds undergo and their underlying mechanisms, such as nucleophilic substitution, elimination, addition, and radical reactions.

9. Classification and Systematic Nomenclature  

The classification and systematic naming of organic compounds are covered here, using IUPAC naming conventions and classifications based on functional groups and structural characteristics.

Aliphatic Compounds

10. Alkanes  

The study of alkanes, their properties, and their reactions are likely introduced in this chapter. Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons with simple structures and relatively low reactivity.

11. Alkenes  

Alkenes, which contain carbon-carbon double bonds, are likely covered here, focusing on their reactivity, bonding, and typical reactions such as addition reactions.

12. Alkynes  

Alkynes, hydrocarbons with carbon-carbon triple bonds, are the focus here, with an emphasis on their unique properties and chemical reactions.

13. Halogen Derivatives  

The reactions and properties of organic halides, compounds with carbon-halogen bonds, are likely discussed. These compounds have important industrial applications and unique reactivity due to the halogen atom.

14. Organometallic Compounds  

Organometallic chemistry, focusing on compounds containing metal-carbon bonds, would be explored here. These compounds are essential in both synthetic chemistry and catalysis.

15-16. Aliphatic Alcohols  

The properties and reactions of alcohols are covered in these chapters, detailing their structures and the role of the hydroxyl group in determining their chemical behavior.

17. Thioalcohols and Thioethers  

This chapter is likely about sulfur analogs of alcohols and ethers, examining their properties and reactions.

18. Ethers  

The structure, properties, and reactions of ethers are discussed here, compounds where two carbon atoms are bonded to the same oxygen atom.

19. Aldehydes and Ketones  

Aldehydes and ketones, characterized by the carbonyl group, are studied here. These compounds are crucial in many biochemical processes and synthetic pathways.

20. Carboxylic Acids  

The focus is on carboxylic acids, which contain a carboxyl group, and are known for their acidity and reactivity.

21-31. Various Aliphatic Compounds  

Chapters 21-31 likely cover a range of additional aliphatic compounds, including dicarboxylic acids, substituted acids, acid derivatives, esters, acetoacetic and malonic esters, fats, oils, soaps, amines, cyanogen compounds, carbonic acid derivatives, aliphatic diazo compounds, and cycloalkanes. These chapters explore the unique characteristics and reactions of each compound type.

Aromatic Compounds

32. The Ureides  

This chapter would address compounds derived from urea, exploring their applications and reactivity.

33. Carbohydrates  

The structure, function, and importance of carbohydrates in biological systems are likely discussed here, covering monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides.

34. Proteins  

Proteins, polymers of amino acids, and their structural and functional importance in living organisms are probably covered here.

35. Introductory Concepts in Aromatic Compounds  

An introduction to aromatic compounds and their unique stability and reactivity due to resonance might be given here.

36. Benzene and its Homologues  

The properties, structure, and reactivity of benzene and its derivatives would be explored, emphasizing aromaticity and substitution reactions.

37. Isomerism and Orientation of Benzene Derivatives  

The orientation and types of isomerism in benzene derivatives are likely discussed, focusing on ortho, meta, and para substitutions.

38-50. Various Aromatic Compounds  

Chapters 38-50 likely examine various classes of aromatic compounds, including aromatic halides, sulfonic acids, nitro compounds, amines, diazonium salts, hydroxy derivatives, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, dyes, naphthalene and its derivatives, anthracene and its derivatives, and heterocyclic compounds. These chapters delve into the specific structures, properties, and reactions associated with each class.

51. Alkaloids  

Alkaloids, nitrogen-containing organic compounds with pharmacological properties, are likely covered here, exploring their structures and biological significance.

52. Terpenes and Related Compounds  

This chapter would focus on terpenes, organic compounds derived from isoprene units, commonly found in essential oils and known for their diverse chemical properties and uses.

Index  

The book likely concludes with an index, providing a quick reference to important terms and topics for easy navigation.

This extensive book covers a comprehensive range of topics in organic chemistry, providing an in-depth understanding of both aliphatic and aromatic compounds, as well as their properties, classifications, and reactions.

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