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Essentials of Inorganic Chemistry by Katja A. Strohfeldt

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Essentials of Inorganic Chemistry by Katja A. Strohfeldt

Essentials of Inorganic Chemistry by Katja A. Strohfeldt

 

Free Download Essentials of Inorganic Chemistry by Katja A. Strohfeldt

Essentials of Inorganic Chemistry by Katja A. Strohfeldt

For Students of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Sciences and Medicinal Chemistry

Authors:
KATJA A. STROHFELDT
School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, UK

 

Table of Contents

1 Introduction

2 Alkali Metals

3 Alkaline Earth Metals

4 The Boron Group – Group

5 The Carbon Group

6 Group 15 Elements

7 Transition Metals and d-Block Metal Chemistry

8 Organometallic Chemistry

9 The Clinical Use of Lanthanoids

10 Radioactive Compounds and Their Clinical Application

11 Chelation Therapy

Index

Preface

The aim of this (Essentials of Inorganic Chemistry) book is to interest students from pharmacy, pharmaceutical sciences, and related subjects in the area of inorganic chemistry. There are strong links between pharmacy/pharmaceutical sciences and inorganic chemistry as metal-based drugs are used in a variety of pharmaceutical applications ranging from anticancer drugs to antimicrobial eye drops.

The idea of this introductory-level book is to teach basic inorganic chemistry, including general chemical principles, organometallic chemistry, and radiochemistry, by using pharmacy-relevant examples. Each chapter in this book is dedicated to one main group of elements or transition-metal group and typically starts with a general introduction to the chemistry of this group followed by a range of pharmaceutical applications.

Chemical principles are introduced with relevant pharmaceutical examples rather than as stand-alone concepts.

Chapter 1 gives an introduction to medicinal inorganic chemistry and provides an overview of the basic inorganic principles. The electronic structures of atoms and different bond formations are also discussed.

Chapter 2 is dedicated to alkali metals. Within this chapter, the basic chemistry of group 1 elements is discussed, together with the clinical use of selected examples. The reader is introduced to the clinical use of lithium salts in the treatment of bipolar disorder together with its historical development. In addition, the central role of sodium and potassium ions in many physiological functions is discussed in this chapter.

Furthermore, the reader is introduced to a variety of chemical concepts, such as oxidation states, reduction and oxidation reactions, osmosis, and others.

The chemistry of alkaline-earth metals and their clinical applications are the topic of Chapter 3. The potential biological role, clinical use, and toxicity of a variety of examples are covered in this chapter. This includes issues relating to excessive beryllium uptake and the central physiological role magnesium and calcium play in the human body as well as the clinical use of barium salts and their potential toxicity.

After an introduction to the general chemistry of group 13 elements, the clinical uses of multivalent boron, aluminum, and gallium are discussed in Chapter 4. The concept of metalloids is introduced, together with the general chemical behavior of group 14 elements.

Chapter 5 concentrates on the general chemistry of group 14 elements and the clinical application of silicon and germanium-based compounds. Silicon-based compounds are under discussion as novel drug alternatives to their carbon-based analogs. Germanium-based compounds have a very varied reputation for clinical use, ranging from food supplementation to proposed anticancer properties.

The biological role of phosphate and its clinical use together with potential drug interactions are discussed in Chapter 6. Furthermore, this chapter focuses on the long-standing research history of arsenic-based drugs. During the development of the most famous arsenic-based drug, Salvarsan, Ehrlich created the term the Magic Bullet – a drug that targets only the invader and not the host. This is seen as the start of chemotherapy.

Chapter 7 gives an overview of the area of transition-metal-based drugs with cisplatin being the most widely used example. In addition, developments in the area of iron and ruthenium-based compounds for clinical use are also discussed. Other topics include the clinical use of coinage metals and the biological role of zinc. The reader is introduced to a variety of concepts in connection to d-block metals including crystal field theory. The concept of organometallic chemistry with a focus on d-block metals is introduced in Chapter 8. Clinical developments in the area of ferrocenes, titanocene, and vanadocenes are used as examples for current and future research.
In Chapter 9, the reader is introduced to f-block metals and their clinical applications. The topics discussed include the use of lanthanum carbonate as a phosphate binder, the use of gadolinium in MRI contrast agents, and the potential use of cerium salts in wound healing.

Chapter 10 is dedicated to the concept of radioactivity. Topics such as radiopharmacy and its use in therapy and diagnostics are discussed. Clinical examples include the use of radioactive metals in therapy, for example, 131I and 89Sr, and in imaging, such as 99mTc, 67Ga, and 201Tl. The final chapter of the book introduces the reader to the concept of chelation and its clinical application in the treatment of heavy metal poisoning.

This book certainly does not aim to cover every clinical or preclinical example in the area of metal-based drugs. The chosen examples are carefully selected according to their relevance to the pedagogical approach used in this book. The idea is to introduce the reader to the main concepts of inorganic chemistry and reiterate those with pharmacy-relevant examples. For those who wish to study this area in more depth, there are excellent books available which are given under ‘Further Reading’ at the end of each chapter. I recommend any interested reader to have a look at these.

Essentials of Inorganic Chemistry by Katja A. Strohfeldt

 

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