Free download Biodegradation and Bioconversion of Hydrocarbons Environmental Footprints and Eco-design of Products and Processes by Kirsten Heimann

Authors of: Biodegradation and Bioconversion of Hydrocarbons Environmental Footprints and Eco-design of Products and Processes by Kirsten Heimann

Kirsten Heimann

Obulisamy Parthiba Karthikeyan

Subramanian Senthilkannan Muthu

Table of Contents in Biodegradation and Bioconversion of Hydrocarbons Environmental Footprints and Eco-design of Products and Processes by Kirsten Heimann

Assessment of Hydrocarbon Contamination in Diverse Sedimentary Environments

Hydrocarbon contamination is a major environmental concern, particularly in sedimentary ecosystems, where pollutants accumulate over time. This section examines hydrocarbon pollution in various sedimentary settings, exploring its sources, distribution patterns, and potential environmental impact. The study evaluates different sediment types and their susceptibility to contamination while also discussing methods for monitoring and remediation. Researchers David I. Little and Yakov Galperin present findings that provide a comparative analysis of hydrocarbon presence in different sedimentary deposits and their influence on aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems.

Analysis of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Food Products

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a group of organic compounds with significant environmental and health implications. These compounds can enter food products through various sources, including industrial emissions, cooking processes, and packaging materials. This section, authored by Rafael Pissinatti and Scheilla V.C. de Souza, focuses on the detection, quantification, and risk assessment of PAHs in food. Analytical techniques used to evaluate PAH contamination, along with regulatory guidelines and mitigation strategies, are also discussed to ensure food safety and public health protection.

Biodegradation of Hydrocarbons: Processes and Applications

The natural breakdown of hydrocarbons through biological processes plays a crucial role in environmental cleanup efforts. Emenike Chijioke Uche and Arezoo Dadrasnia explore the mechanisms of hydrocarbon biodegradation, detailing the microbial species involved and their metabolic pathways. The effectiveness of biodegradation in different environmental conditions, such as soil, water, and air, is examined, along with potential applications in bioremediation and waste management. This section provides insight into optimizing biodegradation techniques to enhance efficiency and sustainability in hydrocarbon-contaminated sites.

Extremophilic Microorganisms and Their Role in Hydrocarbon Biodegradation

Certain microorganisms, known as extremophiles, thrive in extreme environmental conditions such as high temperatures, salinity, or acidity. These unique organisms have shown promising potential in hydrocarbon biodegradation. P. Arulazhagan, Sami Mnif, J. Rajesh Banu, Q. Huda, and M.A.B. Jalal provide a detailed examination of extremophilic bacteria and fungi capable of breaking down hydrocarbons in harsh conditions. Their findings highlight how these microbes can be utilized for bioremediation in oil spills, industrial waste treatment, and deep-sea pollution management.

Anaerobic Biodegradation of Benzene: Mechanisms and Challenges

Benzene, a highly toxic and persistent hydrocarbon, poses significant environmental and health risks. Unlike aerobic degradation, anaerobic degradation occurs in oxygen-deprived conditions, making it essential for subsurface and groundwater remediation. Bhawana Pathak, Shalini Gupta, and M.H. Fulekar discuss the biochemical pathways and microbial communities involved in benzene biodegradation under anaerobic conditions. The section also explores the challenges of anaerobic bioremediation, including slow degradation rates and limitations in field applications, along with potential strategies to improve effectiveness.

Catalytic Hydrocracking of Bio-Oil for Biofuel Production

With the increasing demand for sustainable energy sources, biofuels have emerged as a viable alternative to fossil fuels. Catalytic hydrocracking is a process used to convert bio-oil, derived from biomass, into high-quality biofuel. Amir Ahmad Forghani, David M. Lewis, and Phillip Pendleton discuss the principles of hydrocracking, the catalysts involved, and the challenges associated with optimizing conversion efficiency. This section highlights advancements in biofuel technology, emphasizing the role of hydrocracking in producing cleaner and more efficient energy sources.

Two-Phase Partitioning Bioreactors for Volatile Hydrocarbon Treatment

The treatment of volatile hydrocarbons presents unique challenges due to their rapid evaporation and potential toxicity. Two-phase partitioning bioreactors (TPPBs) offer an innovative approach to managing these pollutants by using an organic phase to absorb and regulate hydrocarbon concentration. Guillermo Quijano, José A. Miguel-Romera, Luis M. Bonilla-Morte, and Ivonne Figueroa-González present an in-depth analysis of TPPBs, including their design, operational parameters, and efficiency in treating volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The discussion extends to industrial applications and future prospects for improving air and water quality through TPPB technology.

Biosurfactant-Producing Bacteria in Hydrocarbon-Contaminated Environments

Biosurfactants are surface-active molecules produced by microorganisms that enhance the solubility and breakdown of hydrocarbons. Sam Joy, Tanvi Butalia, Shashi Sharma, and Pattanathu K.S.M. Rahman investigate bacterial strains capable of producing biosurfactants and their applications in bioremediation. The section outlines the chemical properties of biosurfactants, their effectiveness in hydrocarbon degradation, and their potential industrial applications, including oil spill cleanup and wastewater treatment.

Impact of Petroleum Hydrocarbon Biodegradation on Corrosion in the Petroleum Industry

While biodegradation is essential for environmental remediation, it can also contribute to corrosion in petroleum infrastructure. Aruliah Rajasekar examines the relationship between microbial hydrocarbon degradation and metal corrosion, with a specific focus on pipelines and storage tanks. This section explores the biochemical interactions that lead to corrosion, the economic and safety implications for the petroleum industry, and potential preventive measures, such as biocide application and material selection.

Biological Treatments for Enhancing Heavy Crude Oil Quality

Heavy crude oils pose significant challenges in refining due to their high viscosity and complex composition. Eduardo J. Gudiña and José A. Teixeira discuss biological treatments aimed at improving crude oil quality by breaking down heavy hydrocarbons and reducing sulfur content. This section delves into microbial and enzymatic processes that enhance the fluidity and usability of heavy crude, making it more suitable for refining and commercial applications.

Isolation and Characterization of Microorganisms for Crude Oil Degradation in Petrochemical WastewaterPetrochemical wastewater contains a diverse range of hydrocarbons that require efficient microbial degradation for environmental protection. Chooi Yit Heng, Madihah Md. Salleh, Adibah Yahya, Zaharah Ibrahim, and Huszalina Hussin explore the isolation of specialized microorganisms capable of breaking down crude oil components in wastewater treatment plants. Their research highlights microbial diversity, degradation pathways, and the potential for integrating biological treatments into industrial wastewater management systems.

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